Hate.com: How The Online Christian Identity Movement Inspires Offline Violence

On June 17, 2015, Dylann Storm Roof, a 21-year-old, unemployed, self-identified white supremacist shot and killed nine Black people as they finished bible study at the Emanuel African Methodist Epispiocal Church (AME) which is colloquially known as Mother Emanuel (King, 2017) in Charleston, South Carolina (Robles, 2015) . In his online manifesto Roof claimed his pathway to radicalization was Google, the world’s most popular online search platform (Hersher, 2017). Then during his interview with police officers after the killings Roof said never met another white supremacist in real life. His radicalization had taken place entirely in online environments (Piccolini, 2018). A claim that points to how algorithms have become the delivery system for religious white supremacist content and therefore become complicit in advancing the white extremist hegemonic project (Daniels, 2009). This paper explores how artificial intelligence and religious extremism are shaping and reshaping race relations in the United States.